Contextualization

Chemistry is a science that concerns itself with the substances of the universe and the changes they undergo. Within the vast field of chemistry, the nomenclature of acids is a fundamental concept that serves as the basis for many other concepts and applications.

Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H+) in an aqueous solution, and their nomenclature, that is, the way they are named, is governed by specific rules established by IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). In this classification, we have binary acids, also called hydrides, oxygenated acids, or oxyacids, and complex acids or hydroxycomplexes.

By learning about the nomenclature of acids, you will be able to identify and name any acid, as well as understand the relationship between the chemical structure of an acid and its name. This is a crucial skill not only for your future chemistry classes but also for any career in the sciences, as acids play a vital role in many chemical and biological processes.

The nomenclature of acids is of vital importance, not only for academia but also for many real-world applications. For example, many of the products we use every day, such as cleaning products, food, and medications, contain acids. The correct nomenclature of these acids is crucial to ensure that the correct composition and concentration of these substances are used, thus ensuring their effectiveness and safety.

Furthermore, the nomenclature of acids is also important for global communication among scientists. With standardized nomenclature, scientists can clearly communicate their findings and ideas with each other, regardless of their language or geographical location.

This activity is interdisciplinary, involving concepts from both chemistry and Portuguese. The ability to correctly name acids requires an understanding of chemistry but also involves the ability to interpret and apply rules, which is a fundamental skill in the Portuguese language.

I suggest that you base your studies and discussions on the following sources:

• Book: "Chemistry: The Central Science" by Brown, LeMay, Bursten, and Murphy.
• Website: Brazil School - Acid Nomenclature
• Video: Chemistry in Action Channel - Acid Nomenclature

Practical Activity

Activity Title: Unveiling the World of Acids

Project Objective

The objective of this project is to develop students' ability to identify, name, and understand the fundamental concepts of acids and their nomenclature. Additionally, the project encourages group collaboration, time management, reading and interpreting texts, and developing communication skills.

Detailed Project Description

In this project, students will be divided into groups of 3 to 5 members. Each group will be tasked with conducting in-depth research on the nomenclature of acids, with the aim of developing an illustrated manual on acid nomenclature. This manual should be organized into two main sections:

1. Theory and Practice: This section should cover the theory of acid nomenclature, explaining the rules and nomenclature systems established by IUPAC. The types of acids should be discussed, such as binary acids (hydrides), oxygenated acids (oxyacids), and complex acids or hydroxycomplexes. For each type of acid, an explanation of how they are named should be included. Additionally, this section should contain illustrated examples and solved exercises.

2. Acids in the Real World: This section should explore the application and relevance of acids in the real world. Students should research and report on the use of different acids in different sectors, such as food, cleaning, medicine, etc. Each group should select at least three commonly used acids, name them correctly using the learned nomenclature, and explain their use in society.

Required Materials

• Chemistry books (recommended: "Chemistry: The Central Science" by Brown, LeMay, Bursten, and Murphy) and reliable online resources for research.
• Materials for the elaboration of the illustrated manual (paper, colored pens, computer with text and image editing software, etc.).
• Internet access for research.

Detailed Step-by-Step for Activity Execution

1. Divide students into groups of 3 to 5 people.
2. Present the task and explain in detail the project's expectations.
3. Schedule a follow-up meeting after one week to check the groups' progress.
4. Students should start by researching the theory of acid nomenclature and its rules. The research should focus on understanding the concept, origin, types, and nomenclature rules of acids.
5. Next, students should begin researching the different acids and their real-world applications.
6. With the research completed, groups should start assembling the illustrated manual, beginning with the "Theory and Practice" section and then moving on to the "Acids in the Real World" section.
7. Organize a fair in the classroom where groups can present their illustrated manuals to the class. In addition to the oral presentation, groups should provide a copy of the manual for their peers' review.

Project Deliverables

Each group must deliver the final version of the illustrated manual and give an oral presentation to the class. Additionally, each group must write a report documenting the project. The report should follow the structure below:

1. Introduction: The introduction should contextualize acid nomenclature and explain the importance of this project and how it was approached.

2. Development: This section should explain the theory of acid nomenclature, the methodology used for the manual's elaboration, and present and discuss the findings on the applications of acids in the real world.

3. Conclusions: This section should conclude the work by summarizing its main points, stating the learnings obtained, and drawing conclusions about the project.

4. Bibliography: Students should list all the sources they relied on to work on the project.