Lesson Plan | Technical Methodology | Literature: Symbolist and Parnassian

Objectives

Duration: (10 - 15 minutes)

This stage aims to provide a solid foundation for understanding Symbolist and Parnassian literatures. By clearly defining the objectives, students will be able to focus on developing the practical skills necessary for literary analysis and applying the knowledge acquired. In addition, this stage prepares students for activities that involve competencies valued in the job market, such as critical thinking and the ability to distinguish different literary styles.

Main Objectives

1. Analyze the characteristics of Symbolist and Parnassian literature.

2. Differentiate the Symbolist and Parnassian movements from other literary schools and from each other.

3. Recognize the main writers and representative works of these movements.

Side Objectives

1. Encourage critical reading and interpretation of literary texts.
2. Promote aesthetic appreciation of the literary works of the studied movements.

Introduction

Duration: (15 - 20 minutes)

Purpose: This stage aims to prepare students for immersion in the Symbolist and Parnassian literary movements, providing historical context and highlighting their contemporary relevance. By sparking interest and curiosity through an initial activity, students will be more engaged and prepared for the practical activities and critical analyses that will follow.

Contextualization

Contextualization: Symbolist and Parnassian literature emerged as artistic responses to the social and cultural transformations of the late 19th century. While Symbolism was characterized by the search for the transcendental and the subjective, Parnassianism valued perfect form and objectivity. These literary movements reflect not only the historical context of their time but also influence how we perceive art and literature today.

Curiosities and Market Connection

Curiosities and Market Connection: Did you know that Symbolism influenced not only literature but also visual arts and music? The Symbolist aesthetic can be seen in the works of artists like Gustav Klimt and musicians like Claude Debussy. In the market, the ability to interpret and appreciate different literary styles is valued in areas such as advertising, marketing, and content production, where understanding stylistic nuances can enhance the creation of engaging campaigns and narratives.

Initial Activity

Initial Activity: Show a short video (3-5 minutes) that visually presents the difference between Symbolism and Parnassianism through works of art, music, and poetry. After the video, ask a provocative question: 'How can the search for formal perfection of Parnassianism and the subjectivity of Symbolism be perceived in today's arts and media?' Guide students to discuss in pairs for 5 minutes and then share their reflections with the class.

Development

Duration: (50 - 60 minutes)

The Development stage aims to deepen students' knowledge of the Symbolist and Parnassian literary movements through practical and reflective activities. By creating and analyzing poems, students will develop creative writing and literary critique skills, essential for understanding and appreciating different literary styles.

Covered Topics

1. Main characteristics of Symbolism.
2. Main characteristics of Parnassianism.
3. Differences and similarities between Symbolism and Parnassianism.
4. Main writers and representative works of Symbolism.
5. Main writers and representative works of Parnassianism.

Reflections on the Theme

Guide students to reflect on how the Symbolist and Parnassian literary movements represent different worldviews and artistic approaches. Ask how these movements can be interpreted as responses to the social and cultural transformations of their time and how they still influence contemporary literature and the arts.

Mini Challenge

Creation of Symbolist and Parnassian Poem

This practical activity involves creating two poems: one following the characteristics of Symbolism and the other of Parnassianism. Students will work in groups to produce the works, applying the knowledge acquired about each movement.

Instructions

1. Divide the class into groups of 4 to 5 students.
2. Each group must create two poems: one Symbolist and one Parnassian.
3. Guide students to use the main characteristics of each literary movement in their poems. For example, the Symbolist poem should focus on subjectivity, musicality, and symbolism, while the Parnassian poem should emphasize perfect form, objectivity, and detailed description.
4. Provide materials such as paper, pens, and, if possible, electronic devices for research and writing.
5. After creating the poems, each group should present their works to the class, explaining the stylistic choices made in each poem.

Objective: Apply the theoretical concepts of Symbolism and Parnassianism in the practical creation of poems, developing creative writing and literary analysis skills.

Duration: (30 - 40 minutes)

Evaluation Exercises

1. Ask students to read a Symbolist and a Parnassian poem provided by the teacher. Then, guide them to identify and note the characteristics of each movement present in the poems.
2. Propose a classroom debate on how students perceive the influence of these literary movements in contemporary literature and the arts.
3. Request an individual essay where students must compare and contrast the two movements, using examples from the poems read and the activities conducted in class.

Conclusion

Duration: (20 - 25 minutes)

📝 Purpose: This stage aims to consolidate students' learning, ensuring they understand the connection between theory and practice. The deep discussion and reflection promote a more complete assimilation of the content addressed, while the summary and closing reinforce the importance of the literary movements studied, both for contemporary literature and for the development of skills applicable in the job market.

Discussion

💬 Discussion: Facilitate an open discussion about the main contents covered in the class, encouraging students to reflect on what they learned. Ask them how the practice of creating Symbolist and Parnassian poems helped in understanding the literary movements and their characteristics. Inquire how they view the influence of these movements on contemporary literature and other forms of art, such as music and visual arts. Encourage students to share their opinions on the relevance of these skills in the job market, especially in areas such as advertising, marketing, and content production.

Summary

📚 Summary: Recap the main points discussed during the class. Highlight the characteristics of Symbolism, such as the search for the transcendental, subjectivity, and musicality, and those of Parnassianism, such as objectivity, perfect form, and detailed description. Remind the main writers and representative works of each movement. Emphasize the similarities and differences between the two literary movements and how both influenced literature and the arts.

Closing

🔚 Closing: Explain to students how the class connected theory with practice through poem creation and literary analysis. Emphasize the importance of developing critical and creative skills, which are valued in the job market. Conclude by highlighting the relevance of studying Symbolist and Parnassian movements for understanding the evolution of literature and the arts, as well as for forming a critical and appreciative view of different artistic expressions.