Objectives (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Understanding Noun Classification: Students should be able to identify and classify nouns in their singular and plural forms, using practical and real examples. They should understand the basic rules for forming plurals, including the most common exceptions.

2. Developing Number Inflection Skills: Students should be able to correctly inflect nouns from singular to plural and vice versa. They should practice applying these rules consistently and accurately.

3. Application of Knowledge in Practical Contexts: Students should be able to apply the knowledge acquired about noun classification and inflection to solve problems and answer questions in real contexts. They should be able to identify and correct common errors in number inflection in written texts.

Secondary Objectives:

• Encouraging Critical Thinking and Linguistic Analysis: Students should be encouraged to think critically about the structure of the Portuguese language and how it is used in communication. They should be able to analyze examples of nouns in texts and identify their classifications and plural forms.

• Developing Independent Study Skills: Students should be encouraged to review the study material before class and practice noun classification and inflection skills outside the classroom environment.

Introduction (10 - 15 minutes)

1. Review of Previous Concepts: The teacher starts the lesson by reminding students about the concepts of nouns, the first part of the lesson, and their importance in the Portuguese language. They can ask quick and direct questions to refresh students' memory. For example, "What are the main characteristics of a noun?" or "Why is it important to know how nouns are used and modified in a sentence?" (3 - 4 minutes)

2. Problem Situation: To engage students and demonstrate the relevance of the topic, the teacher can present two problem situations. The first one can be an excerpt from a text with errors in number inflection and ask students to identify them. The second one can be a task to rewrite a list of nouns in plural to singular or vice versa. (3 - 4 minutes)

3. Contextualization: The teacher should then contextualize the importance of the topic for students' daily lives. They can mention how the correct number inflection of nouns is crucial for clarity and understanding in many situations, such as in formal email writing, academic paper writing, or reading complex texts. Additionally, they can discuss how noun classification can help better understand the meaning of words and their relationships with other words in the sentence. (2 - 3 minutes)

4. Introduction to the Topic: To capture students' attention, the teacher can share some curiosities or interesting facts about noun number inflection. For example, they can mention that Portuguese is one of the few languages that marks the plural in most nouns, or that there are many exceptions to the general rules of number inflection. Another curiosity could be that noun number inflection can vary depending on the dialect or region where the language is spoken. (2 - 3 minutes)

Development (20 - 25 minutes)

1. Explanation of Noun Classification (8 - 10 minutes): The teacher should start by explaining the different types of nouns, such as common, proper, concrete, abstract, collective, and primitive nouns. For each type, they should provide clear and understandable examples, and then ask students to give their own examples to ensure they understood the concept. The teacher should emphasize that noun classification is an important tool for better understanding the language and for improving written and oral communication.

2. Number Inflection Examples (8 - 10 minutes): Next, the teacher should explain the basic rules of noun number inflection, that is, how to transform a noun from singular to plural and vice versa. General rules should be discussed, such as adding -s or -es to most nouns in the plural, and exceptions, such as nouns that change completely in the plural (e.g. homem/homens). The teacher should make several examples on the blackboard, using nouns of different classifications to illustrate the rules. Students should be encouraged to participate, offering their own examples and trying to inflect nouns on the blackboard.

3. Discussion of Practical Examples (4 - 5 minutes): The teacher should then present students with examples of sentences or texts containing nouns and ask them to identify the nouns and classify them. This will help students apply what they have learned about noun classification. Then, the teacher should ask students to inflect the nouns in the sentences or texts from singular to plural, giving them the opportunity to practice number inflection. Students should be encouraged to work in pairs or small groups to solve the problems, as this will promote collaboration and discussion.

4. Application and Review Activity (5 - 7 minutes): The teacher should then give students an activity to do individually. The activity can be a gapped exercise, where students must correctly inflect nouns from singular to plural. Another option could be a rewriting exercise, where students must rewrite a list of nouns in plural to singular or vice versa. The teacher should circulate around the room, offering help and clarifying doubts as needed. After students finish the activity, the teacher should correct it on the blackboard, explaining the correct answers and discussing any common errors students may have made.

5. Debate and Reflection (2 - 3 minutes): To conclude the Development of the lesson, the teacher should promote a debate with the class, asking about the difficulties encountered and what they learned from the lesson. Additionally, they can inquire how the subject covered in the lesson can be applied in other contexts, whether at school, at home, or in the students' daily lives. This will help students consolidate what they have learned and realize the relevance of the topic beyond the school environment.

Return (8 - 10 minutes)

1. Group Discussion (3 - 4 minutes): The teacher should gather the students and promote a group discussion about the solutions or conclusions found by each one. This can be done through targeted questions, such as: "What were the main difficulties you encountered when classifying and inflecting nouns?" or "How would you apply what you learned today in a real communication situation or text?" The teacher should encourage the participation of all students, ensuring that each one has the opportunity to express their ideas and doubts. (2 - 3 minutes)

2. Connection with Theory (2 - 3 minutes): After the discussion, the teacher should revisit the theoretical concepts covered in the lesson and explain how they apply to the solutions or conclusions found by the students. For example, they can highlight that noun classification helps to better understand the language and communicate more effectively, while number inflection is crucial for clarity and understanding in many writing and reading situations. The teacher should emphasize that the knowledge acquired in the lesson is not just a set of rules to be memorized, but a valuable tool to enhance students' language and communication skills. (1 - 2 minutes)

3. Individual Reflection (2 - 3 minutes): Finally, the teacher should suggest that students reflect individually on what they learned in the lesson. They can do this by asking them to write, in one minute, answers to questions like: "What was the most important concept you learned today?" and "What questions have not been answered yet?" The teacher should remind students that there are no right or wrong answers to these questions, and that the goal is for them to become familiar with the process of reflective learning, which is an important skill for independent study and self-learning. (1 - 2 minutes)

4. Feedback and Closure (1 - 2 minutes): To conclude the lesson, the teacher should thank the students for their participation and effort, and remind them that they are available to clarify any doubts that may have arisen after the lesson. They should also take the opportunity to collect feedback from students about the lesson, asking them, for example, if they found the content interesting and useful, or if they would like to see more examples or practical exercises in future lessons. The teacher should take note of the students' feedback and use it to plan future lessons and improve teaching quality. (1 - 2 minutes)

Conclusion (5 - 7 minutes)

1. Recapitulation of Contents (2 - 3 minutes): The teacher should start the Conclusion of the lesson by summarizing the main points discussed and learned during the lesson. This includes the classification of nouns as common, proper, concrete, abstract, collective, and primitive, as well as the rules of number inflection for plural and singular. The teacher can do a brief review on the blackboard, highlighting the most significant examples used during the lesson.

2. Connection between Theory, Practice, and Applications (1 - 2 minutes): Next, the teacher should explain how the lesson connected theory, practice, and applications. They should emphasize that the theoretical discussion and exercise practice helped students understand the concepts of noun classification and inflection, while the application activities allowed them to practice these skills in real contexts. The teacher can also mention specific examples of how these skills can be useful in daily life, such as in formal email writing, academic paper writing, or reading complex texts.

3. Suggestion of Additional Materials (1 - 2 minutes): The teacher should then suggest some additional study materials for students who wish to deepen the knowledge acquired in the lesson. This may include grammar books, educational websites, explanatory videos, or language learning apps. The teacher should emphasize that independent study and regular practice are essential for mastering these language skills.

4. Relevance of the Subject (1 minute): To conclude, the teacher should reinforce the importance of the topic covered in the lesson for students' daily lives. For example, they can mention that correct noun classification and inflection is crucial for clarity and understanding in many communication situations, both written and oral. Additionally, they can discuss how the ability to analyze and understand word structure can enrich students' reading, writing, and speaking, making them better communicators and critical thinkers.

5. Closure (1 minute): Finally, the teacher should thank the students for their participation and effort, and encourage them to continue practicing and studying the concepts learned. They should reiterate that they are available to clarify any doubts that may have arisen, and that they look forward to seeing them in the next lesson. The teacher should then bid farewell to the class and prepare for the next activity of the day.